| Peer-Reviewed

Ficus Sycomorus L. Extracts: Phytochemical Screening, Total Polyphenols and Flavonoids Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity

Received: 10 August 2022     Accepted: 25 August 2022     Published: 31 August 2022
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Ficus Sycomorus L. is a plant widely used in Senegal by traditional healers for the management of certain pathologies such as stomach aches or skin rashes. The objective of our work is to determine the contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids of the methanolic extracts of the different organs of Ficus Sycomorus L. Subsequently, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of these extracts were studied. Polyphenols, flavonoids, sterols and polyterpenes are present in all plant organs. The antioxidant capacities expressed as IC50 of the methanolic extracts of the different organs of Ficus Sycomorus L. reveal that the stem bark extract has the best activity with an IC50 of 0.237 ± 0.016 mg/mL. This good activity is in agreement with the high levels of total polyphenols in stem bark (193.4257 ± 0.6971 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent). The steam bark extract give the best results for the antimicrobial tests with a MIC value of 1.875 mg/mL on Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 29212. The good scavenging activity of the Ficus Sycomorus L. extracts on free radical and the good biological activity justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine. The best antibacterial activities of stem bark of Ficus Sycomorus L. on the different bacterial strains can be explained by the higher polyphenol content of stem bark compared to leaves and fruits of Ficus Sycomorus L.

Published in Science Journal of Chemistry (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15
Page(s) 126-132
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ficus Sycomorus L., Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Antioxidant Activity, Antimicrobial Activity

References
[1] Cunningham, A. (1993). African medicinal plants. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: Paris, France.
[2] Agisho, H., Osie, M. & Lambore, T. (2014). Traditional medicinal plants utilization, management and threats in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 2 (2), 94–108. https://www.plantsjournal.com/archives/2014/vol2issue2/PartB/19.1-884.pdf
[3] Bendif, H., Harir, M., Yahiaoui, M., Souilah, N., Hechaichi, F. Z., Miara, M. D. & Medila, I. (2021). Ethnobotanical survey of herbal remedies traditionally used in El Hammadia (Southern region of the province of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria), Algerian Journal of Biosceinces, 2 (01), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045031
[4] Denaro, M., Smeriglio, A., Barreca, D., De Francesco, C., Occhiuto, C., Milano, G. & Trombetta, D. (2020). Antiviral activity of plants and their isolated bioactive compounds: An update. Phytotherapy Research, 34 (4), 742–768. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6575
[5] Remali, J. & Aizat, W. M. (2021). A review on plant bioactive compounds and their modes of action against coronavirus infection. Frontiers in pharmacology, 11, 589044. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.589044
[6] Fernanda, L. B., Victor, A. K., Amelia, T. H. & Elisabetsky, E. (2002). Analgesic properties of Umbellatine from Psychotria umbellate. Pharmaceutical Biology, 40 (5), 336–341. https://doi.org/10.1076/phbi.40.5.336.8453
[7] Mitra, S. S., Nandy, S., Dey, A. (2021). Promising Plant-Based Bioactive Natural Products in Combating SARS-CoV-2 Novel Corona (COVID-19) Virus Infection. In: Dua, K., Nammi, S., Chang, D., Chellappan, D. K., Gupta, G., Collet, T. (eds) Medicinal Plants for Lung Diseases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6850-7_22
[8] Li, K., Diao, Y., Zhang, H., Wang, S., Zhang, Z., Yu, B., Huang, S. & Yang, H. (2011). Tannin extracts from immature fruits of Terminalia chebula Fructus Retz. promote cutaneous wound healing in rats. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 11 (1), 86. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-86
[9] Prabhu, K. H. & Teli, M. D. (2014). Eco-dyeing using Tamarindus indica L. seed coat tannin as a natural mordant for textiles with antibacterial activity. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 18 (6), 864–872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2011.10.014
[10] Taganna, J. C., Quanico, J. P., Perono, R. M. G., Amor, E. C. & Rivera, W. L. (2011). Tannin-rich fraction from Terminalia catappa inhibits quorum sensing (QS) in Chromobacterium violaceum and the QS-controlled biofilm maturation and LasA staphylolytic activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134 (3), 865–871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.01.028
[11] Khan, A., Ikram, M., Hahm, J. R. & Kim, M. O. (2020). Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Citrus Flavonoid Hesperetin: Special Focus on Neurological Disorders. Antioxidants, 9 (7). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9070609
[12] Wang, L., Yang, X., Qin, P., Shan, F. & Ren, G. (2013). Flavonoid composition, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of tartary buckwheat bran extract. Industrial Crops and Products, 49, 312–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.04.039
[13] Kernan, M. R., Faulkner, D. J., Parkanyi, L., Clardy, J., de Carvalho, M. S. & Jacobs, R. S. (1989). Luffolide, a novel anti-inflammatory terpene from the sponge Luffariella sp. Experientia, 45 (4), 388–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01957489
[14] Liktor-Busa, E., Keresztes, A., LaVigne, J., Streicher, J. M. & Largent-Milnes, T. M. (2021). Analgesic Potential of Terpenes Derived from Cannabis sativa. Pharmacological Reviews, 73 (4), 1269–1297. https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.120.000046
[15] Sahoo, P. M. S., Behera, S., Behura, R., Acharya, A., Biswal, D., Suna, S. K., Sahoo, R., Soren, R. C. & Jali, B. R. (2022). A brief review: Antibacterial activity of Quinone derivatives. Biointerface Research Applied Chemistry, 12 (3), 3247–3258. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC123.32473258
[16] Turan, A. & Celik, I. (2016). Antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of dried fig against oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 91, 554–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.009
[17] Soumaya, K.-J., Zied, G., Nouha, N., Mounira, K., Kamel, G., Genviève, F. D. M. & Leila, G. C. (2014). Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and apoptotic activities of Cyperus rotundus. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 7 (2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60004-3
[18] Hassan, S., Lawal, M., Muhammad, B., Umar, R., Bilbis, L. & Saidu, Y. (2007). Effects of anthraquinone glycosides and aqueous ethanol extracts of Ficus sycomorus L. (Moraceae) on rat liver and kidney functions. Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 2 (2), 136-141. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajb.2007.136.141
[19] Okoronkwo, C. U., Ogwo, P. A., Udensi, E. A. & Agu, R. O. (2014). Nutritional and Phytochemical Composition of Utu (Icacina Senegalensis) and Sycamore (Ficus Sycomorus). Seeds. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 8 (7). https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-08734953
[20] Diallo, I., Mbow, B., Diop, B., Gaye, A. A., Ndoye, S. F., Fofana, M. & Gaye, M. (2022). Phytochemical screening; determination of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of different parts of Datura metel L. Journal Of Pharmacy And Biological Sciences 17 (3) 24-31.
[21] Ronchetti, F., Russo, G., Bombardelli, E. & Bonati, A. (1971). A new alkaloid from Rauwolfia vomitoria. Phytochemistry, 10 (6), 1385–1388. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84347-2
[22] Kumar, J., Kaur, A. & Narang, P. (2020). Phytochemical screening and metal binding studies on floral extract of Solanum nigrum. Materials Today: Proceedings, 26, 3332–3336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.09.170
[23] Cicco, N., Lanorte, M. T., Paraggio, M., Viggiano, M. & Lattanzio, V. (2009). A reproducible, rapid and inexpensive Folin–Ciocalteu micro-method in determining phenolics of plant methanol extracts. Microchemical Journal, 91 (1), 107–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2008.08.011
[24] Dirar, A. I., Alsaadi, D. H. M., Wada, M., Mohamed, M. A., Watanabe, T. & Devkota, H. P. (2019). Effects of extraction solvents on total phenolic and flavonoid contents and biological activities of extracts from Sudanese medicinal plants. South African Journal of Botany, 120, 261–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.07.003
[25] Sánchez-Moreno, C., Larrauri, J. A. & Saura-Calixto, F. (1998). A procedure to measure the antiradical efficiency of polyphenols. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 76 (2), 270–276. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199802)76:2<270::AID-JSFA945>3.0.CO;2-9
[26] Seck, I., Fall, A., Ba, L. A., Ndoye, S. F., Ka, S., Diop, A., Ciss, I., Ba, A., Diop, A., Boye, C. S., Gomez, G., Fall, Y. & Seck M. (2020). Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole Compounds. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 20 (25), 2289-2299. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026620666200819143029
[27] Cordovana, M. & Ambretti, S. (2020). Antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria by broth microdilution method using the MICRONAUT-S Anaerobes MIC plates. Anaerobe, 63, 102217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102217
[28] Krishnaiah, D., Sarbatly, R. & Nithyanandam, R. (2011). A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 89 (3), 217–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2010.04.008
[29] Ma, X., Wu, H., Liu, L., Yao, Q., Wang, S., Zhan, R., Xing, S. & Zhou, Y. (2011). Polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant properties in mango fruits. Scientia Horticulturae, 129 (1), 102–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.03.015
[30] Zhang, H. & Tsao, R. (2016). Dietary polyphenols, oxidative stress and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Current Opinion in Food Science 8, 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2016.02.002
[31] Rice-Evans, C. A., Miller, N. J. & Paganga, G. (1996). Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 20 (7), 933–956. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(95)02227-9
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Abba Diarra Kone, Bedie Mbow, Aissatou Alioune Gaye, Samba Fama Ndoye, Mohamed Gaye. (2022). Ficus Sycomorus L. Extracts: Phytochemical Screening, Total Polyphenols and Flavonoids Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity. Science Journal of Chemistry, 10(4), 126-132. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Abba Diarra Kone; Bedie Mbow; Aissatou Alioune Gaye; Samba Fama Ndoye; Mohamed Gaye. Ficus Sycomorus L. Extracts: Phytochemical Screening, Total Polyphenols and Flavonoids Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity. Sci. J. Chem. 2022, 10(4), 126-132. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Abba Diarra Kone, Bedie Mbow, Aissatou Alioune Gaye, Samba Fama Ndoye, Mohamed Gaye. Ficus Sycomorus L. Extracts: Phytochemical Screening, Total Polyphenols and Flavonoids Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity. Sci J Chem. 2022;10(4):126-132. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15,
      author = {Abba Diarra Kone and Bedie Mbow and Aissatou Alioune Gaye and Samba Fama Ndoye and Mohamed Gaye},
      title = {Ficus Sycomorus L. Extracts: Phytochemical Screening, Total Polyphenols and Flavonoids Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity},
      journal = {Science Journal of Chemistry},
      volume = {10},
      number = {4},
      pages = {126-132},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjc.20221004.15},
      abstract = {Ficus Sycomorus L. is a plant widely used in Senegal by traditional healers for the management of certain pathologies such as stomach aches or skin rashes. The objective of our work is to determine the contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids of the methanolic extracts of the different organs of Ficus Sycomorus L. Subsequently, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of these extracts were studied. Polyphenols, flavonoids, sterols and polyterpenes are present in all plant organs. The antioxidant capacities expressed as IC50 of the methanolic extracts of the different organs of Ficus Sycomorus L. reveal that the stem bark extract has the best activity with an IC50 of 0.237 ± 0.016 mg/mL. This good activity is in agreement with the high levels of total polyphenols in stem bark (193.4257 ± 0.6971 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent). The steam bark extract give the best results for the antimicrobial tests with a MIC value of 1.875 mg/mL on Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 29212. The good scavenging activity of the Ficus Sycomorus L. extracts on free radical and the good biological activity justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine. The best antibacterial activities of stem bark of Ficus Sycomorus L. on the different bacterial strains can be explained by the higher polyphenol content of stem bark compared to leaves and fruits of Ficus Sycomorus L.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Ficus Sycomorus L. Extracts: Phytochemical Screening, Total Polyphenols and Flavonoids Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity
    AU  - Abba Diarra Kone
    AU  - Bedie Mbow
    AU  - Aissatou Alioune Gaye
    AU  - Samba Fama Ndoye
    AU  - Mohamed Gaye
    Y1  - 2022/08/31
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15
    T2  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    SP  - 126
    EP  - 132
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-099X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20221004.15
    AB  - Ficus Sycomorus L. is a plant widely used in Senegal by traditional healers for the management of certain pathologies such as stomach aches or skin rashes. The objective of our work is to determine the contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids of the methanolic extracts of the different organs of Ficus Sycomorus L. Subsequently, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of these extracts were studied. Polyphenols, flavonoids, sterols and polyterpenes are present in all plant organs. The antioxidant capacities expressed as IC50 of the methanolic extracts of the different organs of Ficus Sycomorus L. reveal that the stem bark extract has the best activity with an IC50 of 0.237 ± 0.016 mg/mL. This good activity is in agreement with the high levels of total polyphenols in stem bark (193.4257 ± 0.6971 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent). The steam bark extract give the best results for the antimicrobial tests with a MIC value of 1.875 mg/mL on Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 29212. The good scavenging activity of the Ficus Sycomorus L. extracts on free radical and the good biological activity justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine. The best antibacterial activities of stem bark of Ficus Sycomorus L. on the different bacterial strains can be explained by the higher polyphenol content of stem bark compared to leaves and fruits of Ficus Sycomorus L.
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, University Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar, SenegalDepartment of Chemistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Chemistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Chemistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Chemistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Chemistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Sections